The origins and diversification of multicellular organisms, their form, function and adaptation to stress and a changing world. Themes and case studies include energy flow from molecules to ecosystems, organismal interactions including parasitism and disease dynamics, and the impacts of human activity.

Please refer to the Academic Calendar for course details: https://www.queensu.ca/academic-calendar/arts-science/schools-departments-programs/biology/#coursestext 

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BIOL 102/3.0